Solar panel ke sesebelisoa se fetolang matla a mahlaseli a letsatsi ka ho toba kapa ka mokhoa o sa tobang ho matla a motlakase ka phello ea photoelectric kapa phello ea photochemical ka ho monya khanya ea letsatsi. Lintho tse ka sehloohong tsa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa Solar ke "silicon", empa ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso, tšebeliso ea eona e pharaletseng e ntse e na le mefokolo e itseng.

Ha ho bapisoa le libeteri tse tloaelehileng le libeteri tse nchafatsoang, lisele tsa letsatsi ke tsa ho boloka matla le ho sireletsa tikoloho ea lihlahisoa tse tala.

Hona joale, lisebelisoa tsa silicon tsa crystalline (ho akarelletsa le silicon ea polycrystalline le silicon ea monocrystalline) ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa photovoltaic, tse nang le karolo ea 'maraka e fetang 90%,' me e tla lula e le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa lisele tsa letsatsi ka nako e telele nakong e tlang. Ka nako e telele, theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea thepa ea polysilicon e 'nile ea e-ba matsohong a lifeme tse 10 tsa lik'hamphani tse 7 linaheng tsa 3, tse kang United States, Japane le Jeremane, ho theha boemo ba ho thibela theknoloji le ho laola 'maraka. haholo-holo ho tloha ho li-semiconductors le lisele tsa letsatsi.Ho ea ka litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa bohloeki, li arotsoe ka maemo a matla a elektronike le a letsatsi.Ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea photovoltaic, tlhokahalo ea polysilicon ea letsatsi bakeng sa lisele tsa letsatsi e ntse e hōla ka potlako ho feta ea semiconductor polysilicon,' me ho lebeletsoe. hore tlhoko ea polysilicon ea letsatsi e tla feta ea polysilicon ea elektroniki ka 2008. Palo eohle ea tlhahiso ea lefats'e ea lisele tsa letsatsi e nyolohile ho tloha ho 69MW ka 1994 ho ea ho hoo e ka bang 1200MW ka 2004, e leng keketseho ea makhetlo a 17 ka lilemo tse 10 feela.

Liphanele tsa Crystal silicon: lisele tsa letsatsi tsa polycrystalline silicon, lisele tsa letsatsi tsa monocrystalline silicon.

Liphanele tsa silicon tsa amorphous: lisele tse tšesaane tsa letsatsi, lisele tsa letsatsi tsa organic.

Liphanele tsa dae tsa lik'hemik'hale: lisele tsa letsatsi tse utloang dae.

Flexible solar cell

Monocrystalline silicon

Monocrystalline silicon lisele tsa letsatsi li na le bokhoni ba ho fetola hoo e ka bang 18%, ho fihla ho 24%, e leng eona e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa sele ea letsatsi, empa e theko e boima haholo ho e etsa bakeng sa tšebeliso e atileng.Hobane silicon ea monocrystalline hangata e tiisitsoe ka khalase e thata resin e sa keneleng metsi, e matsutla ebile e tšoarella, e na le bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ho fihlela lilemo tse 25.

polysilicon

Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea lisele tsa letsatsi tsa polycrystalline silicon e tšoana le ea lisele tsa letsatsi tsa monocrystalline silicon, empa katleho ea phetoho ea photoelectric ea lisele tsa letsatsi tsa polycrystalline silicon e tlaase haholo, 'me katleho ea ho fetola photoelectric ke hoo e ka bang 16%. theko e tlaase ho feta lisele tsa letsatsi tsa silicon tsa monocrystalline, 'me lisebelisoa li bonolo ho li etsa, ho boloka matla a ho sebelisoa,' me litšenyehelo tsohle tsa tlhahiso li fokotsehile, kahoo li entsoe ka palo e kholo.Ho phaella moo, lisele tsa letsatsi tsa polycrystalline silicon li na le bophelo bo khutšoanyane ho feta monocrystalline. silicon lisele tsa letsatsi.Monocrystalline silicon lisele tsa letsatsi li molemo hanyenyane ka litšenyehelo le tshebetso.

Silicone ea amorphous

Amorphous silicon solar cell ke mofuta o mocha oa sele ea letsatsi e tšesaane ea filimi e hlahang ka 1976. E fapane ka ho feletseng le mokhoa oa ho hlahisa monocrystalline silicon le polycrystalline silicon ea lisele tsa letsatsi. Ts'ebetso ena e nolofalitsoe haholo, tšebeliso ea thepa ea silicon e fokotsehile, 'me matla a matla a fokotsehile.Leha ho le joalo, bothata bo ka sehloohong ba lisele tsa letsatsi tsa amorphous silicon ke hore katleho ea ho fetola photoelectric e tlaase. Boemo ba machaba bo tsoetseng pele bo ka ba 10%, 'me ha bo tsitse. Ka ho atolosoa ha nako, katleho ea phetoho e ea fokotseha.